Article 9 Section 21 – Expenditure limitations for school districts and community college districts 21. Expenditure limitations for school districts and community college districts Section 21. (1) The economic estimates commission shall determine and publish prior to April 1 of…
Article 9 Section 20 – Expenditure limitation; adjustments; reporting 20. Expenditure limitation; adjustments; reporting Section 20. (1) The economic estimates commission shall determine and publish prior to April 1 of each year the expenditure limitation for the following fiscal year…
Article 9 Section 19 – Limitation on ad valorem tax levied; exceptions 19. Limitation on ad valorem tax levied; exceptions Section 19. (1) The maximum amount of ad valorem taxes levied by any county, city, town or community college district…
Article 9 Section 18 – Residential ad valorem tax limits; limit on increase in values; definitions 18. Residential ad valorem tax limits; limit on increase in values; definitions Section 18. (1) The maximum amount of ad valorem taxes that may…
Article 9 Section 17 – Economic estimates commission; appropriation limitation; powers and duties of commission 17. Economic estimates commission; appropriation limitation; powers and duties of commission Section 17. (1) The economic estimates commission shall be established by law, with a…
Article 9 Section 16 – Exemption of watercraft from ad valorem property taxes 16. Exemption of watercraft from ad valorem property taxes Section 16. Commencing January 1, 1967, all watercraft registered for operation in Arizona, excluding watercraft owned and operated…
Article 9 Section 15 – License tax on aircraft 15. License tax on aircraft Section 15. Commencing January 1, 1965, a license tax is imposed on aircraft registered for operation in Arizona, which license tax shall be in lieu of…
Article 9 Section 14 – Use and distribution of vehicle, user, and gasoline and diesel tax receipts 14. Use and distribution of vehicle, user, and gasoline and diesel tax receipts Section 14. No moneys derived from fees, excises, or license…
Article 9 Section 13 – Inventory, materials and products of manufacturers; production livestock and animals; tax exemption 13. Inventory, materials and products of manufacturers; production livestock and animals; tax exemption Section 13. No tax shall be levied on: 1. Raw…
Article 9 Section 12 – Authority to provide for levy and collection of license and other taxes 12. Authority to provide for levy and collection of license and other taxes Section 12. The law-making power shall have authority to provide…
12.1. Temporary taxes; repeal from and after May 31, 2013 Section 12.1. A. A temporary tax is levied for the purpose of raising state revenues for primary and secondary education, health and human services and public safety. B. The temporary tax…
Article 9 Section 11 – Taxing procedure; license tax on registered vehicles 11. Taxing procedure; license tax on registered vehicles Section 11. From and after December 31, 1973, the manner, method and mode of assessing, equalizing and levying taxes in…
Article 9 Section 10 – Aid of church, private or sectarian school, or public service corporation 10. Aid of church, private or sectarian school, or public service corporation Section 10. No tax shall be laid or appropriation of public money…
Article 9 Section 9 – Statement of tax and objects 9. Statement of tax and objects Section 9. Every law which imposes, continues, or revives a tax shall distinctly state the tax and the objects for which it shall be…
Article 9 Section 8.1 – Unified school district debt limit 8.1. Unified school district debt limit Section 8.1. (1) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 8 of this article a unified school district may become indebted to an amount not exceeding…
Article 9 Section 8 – Local debt limits; assent of taxpayers 8. Local debt limits; assent of taxpayers Section 8. (1) No county, city, town, school district, or other municipal corporation shall for any purpose become indebted in any manner…
Article 9 Section 7 – Gift or loan of credit; subsidies; stock ownership; joint ownership 7. Gift or loan of credit; subsidies; stock ownership; joint ownership Section 7. Neither the state, nor any county, city, town, municipality, or other subdivision…
California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35; 108 S. Ct. 1625; 100 L. Ed. 2d 30 (1988) Facts—Acting on information that Greenwood might be in the narcotics trade, the Laguna Beach Police Department asked the neighborhood’s regular trash collector to pick…
California v. Ciraolo, 476 U.S. 207; 106 S. Ct. 1809; 90 L. Ed. 2d 210 (1986) Facts—Policemen acted on a tip that Ciraolo was growing marijuana in his backyard. Because of an inner and outer high fence it was difficult…
New Jersey v. T.L.O., 469 U.S. 325; 105 S. Ct. 733; 83 L. Ed. 2d 720 (1985) Facts—A fourteen-year-old high school freshman in New Jersey (and a companion) were discovered smoking in the school lavatory in violation of school rules.…
Nix v. Williams, 467 U.S. 431; 104 S. Ct. 2501; 81 L. Ed. 2d 377 (1984) Facts—On Christmas Eve in 1968 ten-year-old Pamela Powers disappeared from a YMCA building in Des Moines, Iowa. A fourteen-year-old boy subsequently saw Williams carrying…
United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897; 104 S. Ct. 3405; 82 L. Ed. 2d 677 (1984) Facts—Police obtained a facially valid search warrant to conduct a search from which they gained evidence that resulted in an indictment for possessing…
United States v. Ross, 456 U.S. 798; 102 S. Ct. 2157; 72 L. Ed. 2d 572 (1982) Facts—Acting on information supplied by a reliable informant, the police stopped a described automobile and individual, opened the car’s trunk, and discovered heroin.…
Marshall v. Barlow’s, Inc., 436 U.S. 307; 98 S. Ct. 1816; 56 L. Ed. 2d 305 (1978) Facts—On September 11, 1975, an inspector under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) entered Barlow’s, Inc., an electrical and plumbing…
Zurcher v. The Stanford Daily, 436 U.S. 547; 98 S. Ct. 1920; 56 L. Ed. 2d 525 (1978) Facts—On April 9, 1971, officers from the Palo Alto Police Department and the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Department were called to the…
