Facts—Both the federal District Court and the Court of Appeals had held that inter-district busing was needed to bring about the desegregation of the Detroit city and adjacent or nearby school districts, specially to Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb Counties. Question—Does…
Facts—The Moose Lodge of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, refused service to Leroy Irvis, an African American who was present as the guest of a member. Irvis claimed that since the state liquor board had issued the lodge a private club liquor license,…
Facts—The Charlotte-Mecklenburg school system encompasses the city of Charlotte and surrounding Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. Two-thirds of the African American students in the system attended schools that were either totally black or more than 99 percent black. The federal District…
Facts—Jones claimed that the Mayer Company refused to sell him a house in a particular section of St. Louis County solely because he was African American. A federal statute that Congress enacted in 1866 under its power to enforce the…
Facts—Two residents of Virginia, a black woman and a white man, Richard Loving, were married in the District of Columbia. They then returned to Caroline County, Virginia, where they were indicted for violation of Virginia’s ban on interracial marriages. The…
Brown v. Board of Education II, 349 U.S. 294; 75 S. Ct. 753; 99 L. Ed. 1083 (1955) Facts—After the Supreme Court’s historic decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Court ordered rearguments on how this ruling should…
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483; 74 S. Ct. 686; 98 L.Ed. 873 (1954) Facts—A series of cases went to the Supreme Court from the states of Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. Since all of…
Facts—Mr. G. W. McLaurin, an African American, applied to the University of Oklahoma to pursue studies leading to a doctorate in education. After a three-judge District Court held that the state had a constitutional duty to provide him with the…
Facts—The University of Texas Law School denied admission to Sweatt solely because he was black, and state law prohibited African Americans from admission to the school. The state of Texas then established a law school for blacks that was not…
Facts—This case involved two instances of enforcement by state courts of private agreements, known as restrictive covenants, which barred African Americans from holding real property in certain sections of St. Louis and Detroit. Shelley, a black, purchased some property in…